<!-- The Data Documentation Initiative Codebook DTD                   -->
<!-- CodeBook.DTD                                                     -->
<!-- Version 1.0 (FINAL)                                              -->
<!-- March 17, 2000                                                   -->
<!-- ==============================================                   -->
<!-- An SGML rendition of the document analyses and element           -->
<!-- descriptions produced by David Barber, John                      -->
<!-- Brandt (JB), Ann Green (AG), and the ICPSR Committee.            -->
<!-- SGML translation and attached comments by Paul                   -->
<!-- Schaffner (PFS) and Nancy M. Vlahakis (NANMV).                   -->
<!-- Authors include Paul Schaffner, Nancy M. Vlahakis,               -->
<!-- Daniel Pitti, Jan Nielsen, and Jerome McDonough.                 -->
<!-- This DTD is intended for use in producing electronic             -->
<!-- versions of codebooks for quantitative social science data.      -->
<!-- ==============================================                   -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- Version history:                                                 -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!--   1.0             Includes PFS-authored sections only.           -->
<!--   1.1   19.4.96   Incorporates NANMV-authored sections.          -->
<!--   1.1a  22.4.96   Addition of ATTLISTs to NANMV sections         -->
<!--                 and general cleanup, in progress.                -->
<!--                 Leading to:                                      -->
<!--   1.2   23.4.96   First version that pretends to                 -->
<!--                 completeness.                                    -->
<!--   1.3   21.5.96   Incorporates 3/96-4/96 changes                 -->
<!--                 in descriptions.                                 -->
<!--   1.4   29.5.96   Incorporates 5/96 changes                      -->
<!--                 in descriptions except header.                   -->
<!--   1.4a   7.6.96   Minor repairs.                                 -->
<!--   1.5   11.7.96   Further minor repairs occasioned by            -->
<!--                 conversion to parameter-entity file              -->
<!--                 (teicb1.dtd, version 1.5).                       -->
<!--   1.6      Modified by Daniel Pitti, UC Berkeley, Library.       -->
<!--            Provided value "PCDATA" for TEI parameter entities    -->
<!--            to make it possible to parse and test the DTD.        -->
<!--            Parsed with NSGMLS and Near&Far                       -->
<!--   1.6X     Modified by Jan Nielsen (JN), Danish Data Archives.   -->
<!--            Modifications in several places to produce a          -->
<!--            version compliant with the W3C XML version 1.0        -->
<!--            proposal of December 8th 1997. Parsed and tested      -->
<!--            with Microsofts Java parser MSXML (ver. 1.0.8).       -->
<!--            The XML 1.0 specification used is available at        -->
<!--            http://www.w3.org/TR/PR-xml-971208.                   -->
<!--            - and-connectors have been replaced by                -->
<!--              sequence-connectors. The order of                   -->
<!--              elements is unchanged.                              -->
<!--            - tag-minimization parameters have been               -->
<!--              removed.                                            -->
<!--            - Parameter entity references without                 -->
<!--              semicolons have been fixed.                         -->
<!--            - Name groups are avoided by expansion                -->
<!--              of element and attribute declarations.              -->
<!--            - Element inclusions have been discarded.             -->
<!--            - Attribute default values have been quoted.          -->
<!--            - NUMBER data type have been replaced by CDATA        -->
<!--              in attribute values.                                -->
<!--     1.7    7/1/98 Modified by Jerome McDonough, U.C. Berkeley    -->
<!--            Library Systems Office.  Extensive revisions to both  -->
<!--            structure and content of DTD, including:              -->
<!--            - making Study Level Title only required element      -->
<!--            - Adding notes on mapping from DDI DTD to Dublin Core -->
<!--     1.8    9/15/98 Modified by J. McDonough, U.C. Berkeley       -->
<!--            Library Systems Office.  Modifications include:       -->
<!--            - separate declarations of citation formats for       -->
<!--              docDscr and stdyDscr portions of document combined  -->
<!--            - an XML version of the Exchange Table Model version  -->
<!--              of CALS Tables (from OASIS) incorporated in DTD.    -->
<!--     1.9    12/14/98 Modified by J. McDonough, U.C. Berkeley      -->
<!--            Library Systems Office.  Modifications include:       -->
<!--            - origFundAg and origGrantNo elements added to        -->
<!--              producer statement in citation in the Document      -->
<!--              Description, to allow people                        -->
<!--              to encode information on funding for previous       -->
<!--              versions of the codebook.                           -->
<!--            - Affiliation attribute added to Distributor          -->
<!--            - deposReq element added to Data Use statement        -->
<!--              for information on depository requirements on       -->
<!--              papers generated from data                          -->
<!--            - minor alterations made to attrib. vocabulary for    -->
<!--              fileStrc                                            -->
<!--            - vargrp attribute on var element removed as          -->
<!--              redundant; use var attribute on vargrp element to   -->
<!--              encode vargrp to var relationships                  -->
<!--            - cardNo attribute added to File Location element     -->
<!--            - default on interval attrib on var element changed   -->
<!--              to 'discrete'                                       -->
<!--            - catStat element made repeatable                     -->
<!--            - controlled vocab of (start|end|single) established  -->
<!--              for date event attributes                           -->
<!--            - order of origProducer and software elements in      -->
<!--              production statement in citation reversed           -->
<!--            - DocuNo element in citation has name changed to      -->
<!--              IDNo                                                -->
<!--            - date of deposit element made repeatable to match    -->
<!--              depositor                                           -->
<!--            - recGrp and subsidiary elements reinstated beneath   -->
<!--              the fileStrc element                                -->
<!--     2.0    1/4/99 Modified by J. McDonough, U.C. Berkeley        -->
<!--            Library Systems Office.  Changes include:             -->
<!--            - new element, srcDoc, added to document description  -->
<!--              section for encoding bibliographic cite for         -->
<!--              original codebook from which electronic version is  -->
<!--              derived                                             -->
<!--            - Separate copyright element in doc. desc. replaced   -->
<!--              by new copyright element in producer section of     -->
<!--              citation's content model                            -->
<!--            - catStat now includes 'table' in its content model   -->
<!--            - 'for' attribute removed from contact element        -->
<!--            - abstInfo eliminated.  abstract date element made    -->
<!--              attribute of abstract.                              -->
<!--            - Missing and missing type attribs. added to Category -->
<!--              group                                               -->
<!--            - new date attributes                                 -->
<!--            - Funding Agency and Grant No elements added to       -->
<!--              Production statement for citation element           -->
<!--            - new range elements for valrng, invalrng             -->
<!--            - sdatrefs added to qstn element                      -->
<!--     2.01   - Orig[Producer|GrantNo|fundAg] removed from citation -->
<!--              element, and duplicate GrantNo and fundAg removed   -->
<!--              as well.  New role attribute added to grantNo and   -->
<!--              fundAg.                                             -->
<!--     2.02   - copyright element 2.4.2.7 removed as redundant.     -->
<!--     2.03   - Definitions of elements modified to reflect         -->
<!--              preliminary tag library definitions.                -->
<!--     2.04     Implementation of suggested changes from ICPSR      -->
<!--              OR meeting, including:                              -->
<!--            - Data collector dropped from all citation elements   -->
<!--              and moved to 2.3.1                                  -->
<!--            - MARCURI attributed added to all citation elements   -->
<!--            - New holdings element added to all citations         -->
<!--            - Documentation source made repeatable                -->
<!--            - dataDist element renamed to distrbtr                -->
<!--            - New format attrib. added to biblCit to specify      -->
<!--              citation format used                                -->
<!--            - URI attrib. added to Series Statement               -->
<!--            - citation elements added to all sections of 2.5      -->
<!--            - New vocab attribute added to keywords element       -->
<!--            - New concept subelement added to var element         -->
<!--            - URI attribute added to Distributor element to       -->
<!--              enable online contact of download/ordering service  -->
<!--            - Date attrib. added to software element              -->
<!--            - e-mail and uri attribs. added to contact element    -->
<!--            - xml:lang attrib. changed to NMTOKEN                 -->
<!--            - new pubrefs attrib. added to file/var/varGrp        -->
<!--            - all URL attribs. changed to URI                     -->
<!--            - New subelements respUnit & anlysUnit added to var   -->
<!--            - New subelement derivation added to var              -->
<!--            - Range element recast per NESSTAR recommendation     -->
<!--            - New element stdCatgry under var                     -->
<!--            - catgry attrib. added to catgryGrp to allow nesting  -->
<!--            - vendor attrib. added to var and to labl             -->
<!--            - varGrp attrib added to varGrp element to allow      -->
<!--              nesting of variable groups                          -->
<!--            - recGrp attrib. added to recGrp element              -->
<!--            - keyvar attrib on recGrp made IDREFS                 -->
<!--            - URI attribute added to fileDscr                     -->
<!--            - sumDscr and dataColl made repeatable                -->
<!--            - country attrib added to catgry element              -->
<!--            - new major section added for access conditions,      -->
<!--              with access-related elements from study description -->
<!--              and elsewhere merged in.  Access attrib added to    -->
<!--              var, varGrp, fileDscr and stdyDscr.                 -->
<!--     2.05     EXPERIMENTAL VERSION                                -->
<!--              Includes a variety of changes, including several    -->
<!--              revisions to changes made as a result of the ICPSR  -->
<!--              OR Meeting.  Experimental additions include:        -->
<!--            - A new Link element, available in leaf elements      -->
<!--              of the DTD, to express arbitrary links to other     -->
<!--              elements within the codebook.                       -->
<!--            - A new section of the codebook for local extensions, -->
<!--              which may be defined in a new attached file called  -->
<!--              codebook.ext.ent                                    -->
<!--            - section 5 of the codebook, for describing access    -->
<!--              conditions, has been eliminated, with elements      -->
<!--              from that section reinstated in section 2.4.  Link  -->
<!--              attributes for pointing to access information have  -->
<!--              been preserved.                                     -->
<!--            - controlled vocabulary added to varGrp type attrib.  -->
<!--            - variable format attribute changed to new varFormat  -->
<!--              element with new attributes to allow more specific  -->
<!--              description of data storage for variable            -->
<!--            - rectype attribute added to var element              -->
<!--            - cardNo attribute on location renamed to RecSegNo,   -->
<!--              a new fileid attrib. added, and location made       -->
<!--              repeatable                                          -->
<!--     2.06     REVISED EXPERIMENTAL                                -->
<!--            - eliminates local extension mechanism                -->
<!--            - category groups are now nestable                    -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!--     1.00     FINAL VERSION                                       -->
<!--            - no additional changes                               -->

<!-- A NOTE ON MAPPING TO DUBLIN CORE                                 -->
<!-- Certain elements within the Dublin Core element set map directly -->
<!-- to elements in the DDI Codebook DTD, while others do not.  The   -->
<!-- following mapping is recommended for anyone attempting to map    -->
<!-- Dublin Core element searches to electronic codebooks produced    -->
<!-- using this DTD.                                                  -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!--      DC ELEMENT     DDI Codebook Element                         -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!--      Title          1.1.1.1 titl (Title of Documentation)        -->
<!--      Creator        1.1.2.1 AuthEnty (Authoring Entity)          -->
<!--      Subject        2.2.1.1 keyword (Keywords)                   -->
<!--                     2.2.1.2 topcClas (Topic Classification)      -->
<!--      Description    2.2.2 abstract (Abstract)                    -->
<!--      Publisher      1.1.3.1 producer (Producer)                  -->
<!--                     [NOTE: The Dublin Core specifies that the    -->
<!--                            publisher should be "the entity       -->
<!--                            responsible for making the resource   -->
<!--                            available *in its present form*"      -->
<!--                            (emphasis added).  For a DDI codebook -->
<!--                            the publisher should be the entity    -->
<!--                            responsible for making the            -->
<!--                            *electronic* version available.       -->
<!--      Contributor    1.1.2.2 othId (Other Ident. & Acknowl.)      -->
<!--      Date           1.1.3.3 prodDate (Date of Production)        -->
<!--                     [NOTE: Theoretically, the DC Date element    -->
<!--                            should refer to the date the          -->
<!--                            electronic resource (e.g., the DDI    -->
<!--                            version of the codebook) was created, -->
<!--                            not any preceding paper version.]     -->
<!--      Type           DOES NOT MAP TO ANY DDI CODEBOOK ELEMENT     -->
<!--                     Suggested DC Type: "Text.x-Codebook"         -->
<!--      Format         DOES NOT MAP TO ANY DDI CODEBOOK ELEMENT     -->
<!--                     Suggested DC Format: "text/xml"              -->
<!--                     [NOTE: use of MIME type text/xml based on    -->
<!--                            Internet Draft by E.J. Whitehead, Jr. -->
<!--                            of U.C. Irvine, and M. Murata, of     -->
<!--                            Fuji Xerox Info. Systems.]            -->
<!--      Identifier     Suggested DC Identifier: URN for DDI         -->
<!--                     Codebook, if applicable.                     -->
<!--                     Alternatively, use the IDNo element within   -->
<!--                     the Document Description citation element.   -->
<!--      Source         [NOTE: If a DDI electronic codebook has been -->
<!--                            produced as the *original*            -->
<!--                            documentation for the data from a     -->
<!--                            study, the DC source element does not -->
<!--                            apply.                                -->
<!--                            If the DDI electronic codebook        -->
<!--                            has been derived from a pre-existing  -->
<!--                            version, then the DC Source           -->
<!--                            refers to bibliographic information   -->
<!--                            regarding this previous paper version.-->
<!--                            In this case, Source would map to     -->
<!--                            the MARCURI on the docSrc element,    -->
<!--                            or alternatively, to the IDNo element -->
<!--                            within the docSrc element.            -->
<!--                     [NOTE: Use of the DC Source element is       -->
<!--                            deprecated.  The DC Relation element  -->
<!--                            is now preferred.]                    -->
<!--      Language       xml:lang attribute for codeBook element      -->
<!--      Relation       partially maps to 1.4 docSrc (Documentation  -->
<!--                            Source).  No mapping currently exists -->
<!--                            for the relation type component.      -->
<!--      Coverage       2.2.3.1 timePrd (Time Period Covered)        -->
<!--                     2.2.3.2 collDate (Date of Collection)        -->
<!--                     2.2.3.3 nation (Country)                     -->
<!--                     2.2.3.4 geogCover (Geographic Coverage)      -->
<!--                     2.2.3.7 universe (Universe)                  -->
<!--      Rights         1.1.3.2 copyright (Copyright)                -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- Dublin Core to DDI DTD mapping suggestions created 7/1/98 by     -->
<!-- Jerome McDonough, U.C. Berkeley Library Systems Office.          -->

<!-- ===========================================================      -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!--          BEGINNING OF ACTUAL DOCUMENT TYPE DEFINITION            -->
<!--                                                                  -->

<!--temporary parameter entities                                      -->
<!ENTITY % a.global 'ID ID #IMPLIED
		     xml:lang NMTOKEN #IMPLIED
		     source (archive|producer) "producer"'              >

<!-- Basic text components for adding into all mixed content models   -->
<!ENTITY % a.phrase 'Link'                                              >
                          
<!-- all elements using the a.date attribute should use the ISO       -->
<!-- format of YYYY-MM-DD.                                            -->
<!ENTITY % a.date 'date   CDATA   #IMPLIED'                             > 

<!ENTITY % e.cite 'titlStmt, rspStmt?, prodStmt?, distStmt?, 
	           serStmt?, verStmt*, biblCit?, holdings*, notes?'     >

<!-- CodeBook.DTD                                                     -->
<!-- 0.0 TOP LEVEL                                                    -->
<!-- =============                                                    -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!ELEMENT codeBook     (docDscr*
		       , stdyDscr+
		       , fileDscr*
		       , dataDscr*
		       , otherMat*)                                     >
<!ATTLIST codeBook %a.global;                                           >

<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- 1.0 DOCUMENT DESCRIPTION  (docDscr)                              -->
<!-- ====================================                             -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- The document description section of codebook DTD is intended     -->
<!-- for information regarding the marked up document itself, rather  -->
<!-- than the original codebook from which the electronic version     -->
<!-- may derive.  It is similar to intent to the TEI header.          -->
<!-- Jerome McDonough, 6/15/98                                        -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- The Document Description, or codebook header, consists of        -->
<!-- bibliographic information describing the marked-up codebook, or  -->
<!-- document instance, itself; it contains the basic elements        -->
<!-- necessary to uniquely identify the marked-up codebook. Note that -->
<!-- the Document Description also contains a citation section for    -->
<!-- the source documentation, that is, the hardcopy or electronic    -->
<!-- codebook that served as the source for the marked-up codebook.   -->
<!--                                                                  -->

<!ELEMENT docDscr      (citation?
		       , guide?
		       , docStatus?
                       , docSrc*
		       , notes?)                                        >
<!ATTLIST docDscr %a.global;                                            >

<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- 1.1 BIBLIOGRAPHIC CITATION OF CODEBOOK  (citation)               -->
<!-- ===========================                                      -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- This element encodes the bibliographic information describing    -->
<!-- the electronic codebook, including title information, statement  -->
<!-- of responsibility, production and distribution information,      -->
<!-- series and version information, text of a preferred bibliog.     -->
<!-- citation, and notes (if any).  It uses generic element A.6,      -->
<!-- found at the end of the DTD.                                     -->

<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- 1.2 GUIDE TO CODEBOOK (guide)                                    -->
<!-- ===========================                                      -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- List of terms and definitions used in the documentation.         -->
<!-- Provided to assist users in using the document correctly.        -->
<!-- This element was intended to reflect the section in OSIRIS       -->
<!-- codebooks that assisted users in reading and interpreting a      -->
<!-- codebook.  Each OSIRIS codebook contained a sample codebook      -->
<!-- page that defined the codebook conventions.                      -->
<!ELEMENT guide (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                                 >
<!ATTLIST guide %a.global;                                              >

<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- 1.3 DOCUMENTATION STATUS  (docStatus)                            -->
<!-- =================================                                -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- Use this field to indicate if the documentation is being         -->
<!-- presented/distributed before it has been finalized. Some data    -->
<!-- producers and social science data archives employ data           -->
<!-- processing strategies that provide for release of data and       -->
<!-- documentation at various stages of processing.                   -->
<!ELEMENT docStatus (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                             >
<!ATTLIST docStatus %a.global;                                          >

<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- 1.4 DOCUMENTATION SOURCE  (docSrc)                               -->
<!-- =================================                                -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- Citation for the source of the marked-up documentation. This     --> 
<!-- may be either a hardcopy or a machine-readable codebook.         -->
<!-- MARCURI attribute provided to give URI for MARC record for this  -->
<!-- citation.                                                        -->
<!ELEMENT docSrc (%e.cite;)                                             >
<!ATTLIST docSrc %a.global;
                 MARCURI   CDATA   #IMPLIED                             >

<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- 1.5 NOTES (notes)                                                -->
<!-- =================================                                -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- Notes element for providing additional information               -->
<!-- to clarify and annotate codebook information regarding           -->
<!-- citation of the Documentation.  Declaration of generic notes     -->
<!-- ELEMENT occurs at the end of the DTD.  Jerry McDonough           -->


<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- 2.0 STUDY DESCRIPTION  (stdyDscr)                                -->
<!-- =================================                                -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- access attribute used to link to accCond element describing      -->
<!-- access conditions for entire dataset.                            -->
<!ELEMENT stdyDscr     (citation+
		       , stdyInfo*
		       , method*
		       , dataAccs*
		       , othrStdyMat*)                                  >
<!ATTLIST stdyDscr %a.global;
                   access   IDREFS   #IMPLIED                           >

<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- 2.1 BIBLIOGRAPHIC CITATION OF STUDY (citation)                   -->
<!-- ==========================================                       -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- The citation for the data collection documented by the           -->
<!-- marked-up codebook.                                              -->
<!-- This element encodes the bibliographic information describing    -->
<!-- the original study, including title information, statement       -->
<!-- of responsibility, production and distribution information,      -->
<!-- series and version information, text of a preferred bibliog.     -->
<!-- citation, and notes (if any).  It uses generic element A.6,      -->
<!-- found at the end of the DTD.                                     -->

<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- 2.2 STUDY SCOPE (stdyInfo)                                       -->
<!-- ==========================                                       -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- This section contains information about the data collection's    -->
<!-- scope across several dimensions, including substantive content,  -->
<!-- geography, and time.                                             -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!ELEMENT stdyInfo     (subject?
		       , abstract*
		       , sumDscr*
		       , notes?)                                        >
<!ATTLIST stdyInfo %a.global;                                           >

<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- 2.2.1 Subject Information (subject)                              -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- Subjection information describing the data collection's          -->
<!-- intellectual content.                                            -->

<!ELEMENT subject     (keyword*
		      , topcClas*)                                      >
<!ATTLIST subject %a.global;                                            >


<!-- 2.2.1.1 Keywords.                                                --> 
<!-- Words or phrases that describe salient aspects of a data         -->
<!-- collection's content. Can be used for building keyword indexes   -->
<!-- and for classification and retrieval purposes. A controlled      -->
<!-- vocabulary can be employed. Maps to Dublin Core Subject element. -->
<!-- Inclusion of this element in the codebook is recommended.        -->
<!-- vocab attribute added to specify controlled vocabulary in use,   -->
<!-- e.g., LCSH, MeSH, etc.                                           -->
<!-- vocabURI attribute added to specify  location for full           -->
<!-- controlled vocabulary.                                           -->
<!ELEMENT keyword     (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                           >
<!ATTLIST keyword     %a.global;
                      vocab   CDATA   #IMPLIED
                      vocabURI   CDATA   #IMPLIED                       >


<!-- 2.2.1.2 Topic Classification.                                    -->
<!-- The classification field indicates the broad substantive         -->
<!-- topic(s) that the data cover. Library of Congress subject        -->
<!-- terms may be used here.                                          -->
<!-- PFS: This element is intended for use in coding
     sections of codebooks that consist of nothing but
     predesignated keywords and topic classifications.
     There does not seem at present a way to group
     keywords, should that be desirable. Perhaps too
     the content model should allow
     for surrounding "soup" (i.e. declare subject info to
     contain #PCDATA (or higher) and/or keyword and
     topcClas. There is no provision at present for
     a coder to declare individual words selected by the
     coder to act as keywords.                                        -->
<!-- vocab attribute added to specify controlled vocabulary in use,   -->
<!-- e.g., LCSH, MeSH, etc.                                           -->
<!-- vocabURI attribute added to specify  location for full           -->
<!-- controlled vocabulary.                                           -->
<!-- Maps to Dublin Core Subject element.  Inclusion of this element  -->
<!-- in the codebook is recommended.                                  -->
<!ELEMENT topcClas     (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                          >
<!ATTLIST topcClas     %a.global;
		       vocab   CDATA   #IMPLIED
                       vocabURI   CDATA   #IMPLIED                      >

<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- 2.2.2 Abstract (abstract)                                        -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- An unformatted summary describing the purpose, nature, and 
     scope of the data collection, special characteristics of its 
     contents, major subject areas covered, and what questions the 
     PIs attempted to answer when they conducted the study. A 
     listing of major variables in the study is important here. In 
     cases where a codebook contains more than one abstract (for 
     example, one might be supplied by the data producer and another 
     prepared by the data archive where the data are deposited), the 
     source and date attributes may be used to distinguish the 
     abstract versions.                                               -->
<!-- Maps to Dublin Core Description element.  Inclusion of this      -->
<!-- element in the codebook is recommended.                          -->
<!-- Date attribute should follow ISO convention of YYYY-MM-DD.       -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!ELEMENT abstract   (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                            >
<!ATTLIST abstract   %a.global;
                     %a.date;                                           >

<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- 2.2.3 Summary Data Description (sumDscr)                         -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- Information about a study's chronological and geographic         -->
<!-- coverage and unit of analysis.                                   -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!ELEMENT sumDscr     (timePrd*
		      , collDate*
		      , nation*
		      , geogCover*
		      , geogUnit*
		      , anlyUnit*
		      , universe*
		      , dataKind* )                                     >
<!ATTLIST sumDscr     %a.global;                                        >

<!-- 2.2.3.1 Time Period Covered.                                     -->
<!-- The time period to which the data refer. This item reflects the 
     time period covered by the data, not the dates of coding or 
     making documents machine-readable or the dates the data were 
     collected. Also known as span. Use the event attribute to 
     specify "start", "end", or "single" for each date entered. The 
     ISO standard for dates (YYYY-MM-DD) is recommended for use with 
     the date attribute. Maps to Dublin Core Coverage element. 
     Inclusion of this element in the codebook is recommended.        -->
<!ELEMENT timePrd     (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                           >
<!ATTLIST timePrd
     %a.global;
     %a.date;    
     event            (start|end|single)            "single"            >

<!-- 2.2.3.2 Date of Collection.                                      -->
<!-- Contains the date(s) when the data were collected. Use the event 
     attribute to specify "start", "end", or "single" for each date 
     entered. The ISO standard for dates (YYYY-MM-DD) is recommended 
     for use with the date attribute.                                 -->
<!-- PFS: I have added an "event" attribute in order to allow
     the element to distinguish between (say) first day of
     collection, only day of collection, and last day of
     collection. See note on timePrd, which may reflect my
     misunderstanding of the intended relationship between
     these elements.                                                  -->
<!-- Maps to Dublin Core Coverage element.  Inclusion of this element -->
<!-- in the codebook is recommended.                                  -->
<!ELEMENT collDate     (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                          >
<!ATTLIST collDate
    %a.global;
    %a.date;    
    event             (start|end|single)            "single"            >

<!-- 2.2.3.3 Country.                                                 -->
<!-- Indicates the country or countries covered in the file.          -->
<!-- Attribute "abbr" added to match the attributes given to          -->
<!-- agencies, etc., above, and                                       -->
<!-- also to go some way toward providing an equivalent for           -->
<!-- the TEI %placePart; entity, which adds "type" and "full"         -->
<!-- attributes.                                                      -->
<!-- Maps to Dublin Core Coverage element.  Inclusion of this element -->
<!-- in the codebook is recommended.                                  -->
<!ELEMENT nation     (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                            >
<!ATTLIST nation
    %a.global;    
    abbr             CDATA           #IMPLIED                           >

<!-- 2.2.3.4 Geographic Coverage (geogCover).                         -->
<!-- Information on the geographic coverage of the data. Include 
     the total geographic scope of the data, and any additional 
     levels of geographic coding provided in the variables.           -->
<!-- Maps to Dublin Core Coverage element.  Inclusion of this element -->
<!-- in the codebook is recommended.                                  -->
<!ELEMENT geogCover    (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                          >
<!ATTLIST geogCover    %a.global;                                       >


<!-- 2.2.3.5 Geographic Unit.                                         -->
<!-- Lowest level of geographic aggregation covered by the data.      -->
<!ELEMENT geogUnit     (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                          >
<!ATTLIST geogUnit     %a.global;                                       >

<!-- 2.2.3.6 Unit of Analysis.                                        -->
<!-- Basic unit of analysis or observation that the file describes: 
     individuals, families/households, groups, 
     institutions/organizations, administrative units, etc.           -->
<!-- The DDI intends to prepare a controlled vocabulary for use in    -->
<!-- this element, but it has yet to be developed.  Interested        -->
<!-- parties should refer to the DDI web page at                      -->
<!-- http://www.icpsr.umich.edu/DDI/codebook.html for information     -->
<!-- regarding controlled vocabularies as it becomes available.       -->
<!-- J. McDonough, 12/17/98                                           -->
<!ELEMENT anlyUnit     (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                          >
<!ATTLIST anlyUnit
    %a.global;    
    unit               CDATA              #IMPLIED                      >


<!-- 2.2.3.7 Universe.                                                -->
<!-- A description of the population covered by the data in the file; 
     the group of persons or other elements that are the object of 
     the study and to which the study results refer. Age, nationality, 
     and residence commonly help to delineate a given universe, but 
     any of a number of factors may be involved, such as age limits, 
     sex, marital status, race, ethnic group, nationality, income, 
     veteran status, criminal convictions, etc. The universe may
     consist of elements other than persons, such as housing units, 
     court cases, deaths, countries, etc. In general, it should be 
     possible to tell from the description of the universe whether a 
     given individual or element (hypothetical or real) is a member 
     of the population under study. Also known as universe of 
     interest, population of interest, and target population. A 
     "level" attribute is included to permit coding of the level to 
     which universe applies, i.e., the study level, the file level 
     (if different from study), or the variable level. The "clusion" 
     attribute provides for specification of groups included (I)
     in or excluded (E) from the universe.                            -->
<!ELEMENT universe     (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                          >
<!ATTLIST universe
    %a.global;    
    level              CDATA              #IMPLIED
    clusion            (I|E)              "I"                           >

<!-- 2.2.3.8 Kind of Data.                                            -->
<!-- The type of data included in the file: survey data, census/enumeration
     data, aggregate data, clinical data, event/transaction data, program
     source code, machine-readable text, administrative records data,
     experimental data, psychological test, textual data, coded textual,
     coded documents, time budget diaries, observation data/ratings,
     process-produced data, etc.                                      -->
<!ELEMENT dataKind     (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                          >
<!ATTLIST dataKind     %a.global;                                       >

<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- 2.2.4 Notes (notes)                                              -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- Notes element added 6/8/98 per DDI Committee for                 -->
<!-- providing additional information to                              -->
<!-- clarify and annotate codebook information on the scope           -->
<!-- of the data collection.  For declaration of generic notes        -->
<!-- ELEMENT used for this tag, see the end of the DTD.  jpm          -->

<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- 2.3 METHODOLOGY AND PROCESSING (method)                          -->
<!-- =======================================                          -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!ELEMENT method     (dataColl*
		     , notes?
		     , anlyInfo?
		     , stdyClas?)                                       >
<!ATTLIST method     %a.global;                                         >

<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- 2.3.1 Data Collection Methodology (dataColl)                     -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!ELEMENT dataColl     (timeMeth*
                       , dataCollector*
		       , frequenc*
		       , sampProc*
		       , deviat*
		       , collMode*
		       , resInstru*
		       , sources?
		       , collSitu*
		       , actMin*
		       , ConOps*
		       , weight*
		       , cleanOps*)                                     >
<!ATTLIST dataColl     %a.global;                                       >

<!-- 2.3.1.1 Time Method.                                             -->
<!-- The time method or time dimension of the data collection,        -->
<!-- e.g., panel, cross-sectional, trend, time-series, etc.           -->
<!-- The DDI intends to prepare a controlled vocabulary for use in    -->
<!-- this element, but it has yet to be developed.  Interested        -->
<!-- parties should refer to the DDI web page at                      -->
<!-- http://www.icpsr.umich.edu/DDI/codebook.html for information     -->
<!-- regarding controlled vocabularies as it becomes available.       -->
<!-- J. McDonough, 12/17/98                                           -->
<!-- PFS: optional "method" attribute added to                        -->
<!-- allow vocabulary control.                                        -->
<!ELEMENT timeMeth     (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                          >
<!ATTLIST timeMeth
    %a.global;    
    method             CDATA            #IMPLIED                        >

<!-- 2.3.1.2 Data Collector (dataCollector).                          --> 
<!-- Entity (individual, agency, or institution) responsible for      -->
<!-- administering the questionnaire or interview or compiling the    -->
<!-- data.                                                            -->
<!ELEMENT dataCollector     (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                     >
<!ATTLIST dataCollector
    %a.global;    
    abbr                CDATA   #IMPLIED
    affiliation         CDATA   #IMPLIED                                >

<!-- 2.3.1.3 Frequency of Data Collection.                            -->
<!-- If the data collected include more than one point in time,       -->
<!-- indicate the frequency with which the data were collected,       -->
<!-- e.g., monthly, quarterly, etc.                                   -->
<!-- NANMV: need controlled vocab?                                    -->
<!-- PFS: "Freq" attribute added to allow vocab control.              -->
<!ELEMENT frequenc     (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                          >
<!ATTLIST frequenc
    %a.global;    
    freq               CDATA            #IMPLIED                        >

<!-- 2.3.1.4 Sampling Procedure.                                      -->
<!-- The type of sample and sample design used to select the survey   -->
<!-- respondents to represent the population. May include reference   -->
<!-- to the target sample size and the sampling fraction.             -->
<!ELEMENT sampProc     (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                          >
<!ATTLIST sampProc
    %a.global;                                                          >

<!-- 2.3.1.5 Major Deviations from the Sample Design.                 -->
<!-- Show correspondence as well as discrepancies between
     the sampled units (obtained) and available statistics
     for the population (age, sex-ratio, marital status,
     etc.) as a whole.                                                -->
<!ELEMENT deviat     (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                            >
<!ATTLIST deviat     %a.global;                                         >

<!-- 2.3.1.6 Mode of Data Collection.                                 -->
<!-- The method used to collect the data; instrumentation             -->
<!-- characteristics (e.g., telephone interview, mail                 -->
<!-- questionnaire, etc.)                                             -->
<!ELEMENT collMode     (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                          >
<!ATTLIST collMode     %a.global;                                       >

<!-- 2.3.1.7 Type of Research Instrument.                             -->
<!-- The type of data collection instrument used. "Structured" 
     indicates an instrument in which all respondents are asked the 
     same questions/tests, possibly with precoded answers. If a small
     portion of such a questionnaire includes open-ended questions,
     provide appropriate comments. 
     "Semi-structured" indicates that the research instrument contains
     mainly open-ended questions. "Unstructured" indicates that in-depth 
     interviews were conducted.                                       -->
<!-- PFS: type attrib added to allow vocabulary control.              -->
<!ELEMENT resInstru     (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                         >
<!ATTLIST resInstru
    %a.global;    
    type                CDATA            #IMPLIED                       >

<!-- 2.3.1.8 Sources Statement (sources)                              -->
<!-- Description of sources used for the data collection.             -->
<!-- PFS: I have changed this element to make it nestable,
     so that the sources statement might encompass a series
     of discrete source statements, each of which could
     contain the facts about an individual source.                    -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!ELEMENT sources     ((dataSrc*
		      , srcOrig*
		      , srcChar*
		      , srcDocu*)
		      | (sources*))                                     >
<!ATTLIST sources     %a.global;                                        >

<!-- 2.3.1.8.1 Data Sources.                                          -->
<!-- Used to list the book(s), article(s), serial(s),
     and/or machine-readable data file(s), if any, that
     served as the source(s) of the data collection.                  -->
<!ELEMENT dataSrc     (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                           >
<!ATTLIST dataSrc     %a.global;                                        >

<!-- 2.3.1.8.2 Origins of Sources.                                    -->
<!-- For historical materials, information about the origin(s) of the 
     sources and the rules followed in establishing the sources 
     should be specified. May not be relevant to survey data.         -->
<!ELEMENT srcOrig     (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                           >
<!ATTLIST srcOrig     %a.global;                                        >

<!-- 2.3.1.8.3 Characteristics of Source Noted.                       -->
<!-- Assessment of characteristics and quality of source material. 
     May not be relevant to survey data.                              -->
<!ELEMENT srcChar     (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                           >
<!ATTLIST srcChar     %a.global;                                        >

<!-- 2.3.1.8.4 Documentation and Access to Sources.                   -->
<!-- Level of documentation of the original sources. May not be       -->
<!-- relevant to survey data.                                         -->
<!ELEMENT srcDocu     (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                           >
<!ATTLIST srcDocu %a.global;                                            >

<!-- 2.3.1.8.5 Sources Statement (sources).                           -->
<!-- No element or attribute declaration here, as this sources is     -->
<!-- is simply a recursive declaration within sources 2.3.1.8.        -->

<!-- 2.3.1.9 Characteristics of Data Collection Situation.            -->
<!-- Description of noteworthy aspects of the data collection 
     situation. Include information on factors such as 
     cooperativeness of respondents, duration of interviews, 
     number of call-backs, etc.                                       -->
<!ELEMENT collSitu     (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                          >
<!ATTLIST collSitu     %a.global;                                       >

<!-- 2.3.1.10 Actions to Minimize Losses.                             -->
<!-- Summary of actions taken to minimize data loss. Include 
     information on actions such as follow-up visits, supervisory 
     checks, historical matching, estimation, etc.                    -->
<!ELEMENT actMin     (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                            >
<!ATTLIST actMin     %a.global;                                         >

<!-- 2.3.1.11 Control Operations.                                     -->
<!-- Methods to facilitate data control performed by the primary      -->
<!-- investigator or by the data archive.                             -->
<!-- Specify any special programs used for such operations.           -->
<!-- The ConOps element has one additional attribute, agency, which   -->
<!-- should be used to regard the agency which performed the control  -->
<!-- operation (e.g., PI, archive, etc.)                              -->
<!ELEMENT ConOps     (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                            >
<!ATTLIST ConOps     %a.global;
                     agency   CDATA   #IMPLIED                          >

<!-- 2.3.1.12 Weighting.                                              -->
<!-- The use of sampling procedures may make it necessary to apply 
     weights to produce accurate statistical results.  Describe here 
     the criteria for using weights in analysis of a collection.  
     If a weighting formula or coefficient was developed, provide 
     this formula, define its elements, and indicate how the
     formula is applied to data.                                      -->
<!ELEMENT weight     (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                            >
<!ATTLIST weight     %a.global;                                         >

<!-- 2.3.1.13 Cleaning Operations.                                    -->
<!-- Methods used to "clean" the data collection,
     e.g., consistency checking, wildcode checking, etc.              -->

<!ELEMENT cleanOps     (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                          >
<!ATTLIST cleanOps     %a.global;                                       >

<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- 2.3.2 Study-level Error Note (notes)                             -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- This note element should now be used for any                     -->
<!-- information annotating or clarifying the methodology             -->
<!-- and processing of the study.  For the element                    -->
<!-- declaration for this tag, see the generic note                   -->
<!-- declaration at the end of the DTD.  6/8/98 Jerry                 -->
<!-- McDonough                                                        -->

<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- 2.3.3 Data Appraisal Information (anlyInfo)                      -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!ELEMENT anlyInfo     (respRate*
		       , EstSmpErr* 
		       , dataAppr*)                                     >
<!ATTLIST anlyInfo     %a.global;                                       >

<!-- 2.3.3.1 Response Rate (respRate)                                 -->
<!-- The percentage of sample members who provided information.       -->
<!ELEMENT respRate     (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                          >
<!ATTLIST respRate     %a.global;                                       >

<!-- 2.3.3.2 Estimates of Sampling Error (EstSmpErr)                  -->
<!-- Measure of how precisely one can estimate a population value 
     from a given sample.                                             -->
<!ELEMENT EstSmpErr    (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                          >
<!ATTLIST EstSmpErr    %a.global;                                       >

<!-- 2.3.3.3 Other Forms of Data Appraisal.                           -->
<!-- Other issues pertaining to data appraisal. Describe here issues 
     such as response variance, nonresponse rate and testing for 
     bias, interviewer and response bias, confidence levels, 
     question bias, etc.                                              -->
<!ELEMENT dataAppr     (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                          >
<!ATTLIST dataAppr     %a.global;                                       >


<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- 2.3.4 Class of the Study (stdyClas)                              -->
<!-- Generally used to give the data archive's class or study status 
     number, which indicates the processing status of the study.
     May also be used as a text field to describe processing status.  -->
<!-- PFS: "Type" attrib added to allow vocabulary control.            -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!ELEMENT stdyClas     (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                          >
<!ATTLIST stdyClas
    %a.global;    
    type               CDATA            #IMPLIED                        >

<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- 2.4 DATA ACCESS (dataAccs)                                       -->
<!-- ==========================                                       -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- This section describes access conditions and terms of use 
     for the data collection. for the data collection. In cases 
     where access conditions differ across individual files or 
     variables, multiple access conditions can be specified. The 
     access conditions applying to a study, file, variable group, or 
     variable can be indicated by an IDREF attribute on the study 
     (2.0), file (3.0), variable group (4.1), or variable (4.2) 
     elements called "access".                                        -->
<!ELEMENT dataAccs     (setAvail*
                       , useStmt*
		       , notes?)                                        >
<!ATTLIST dataAccs  %a.global;                                          >


<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- 2.4.1 Data Set Availability                                      -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- Information on availability and storage of the collection. 
     The "media" attribute may be used in combination with any 
     of the subelements.                                              -->
<!ELEMENT setAvail     (accsPlac*
		       , origArch?
		       , avlStatus*
		       , collSize?
		       , complete?
		       , fileQnty?
		       , notes*)                                        >
<!ATTLIST setAvail
    %a.global;    
    media          CDATA                #IMPLIED                        >


<!-- 2.4.1.1 Location.                                                -->
<!-- Location where the data collection is currently stored. Use the  -->
<!-- URI attribute to provide a URN or URL for the storage site or    -->
<!-- the actual address from which the data may be downloaded.        -->
<!ELEMENT accsPlac     (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                          >
<!ATTLIST accsPlac
     %a.global;    
     URI           CDATA                #IMPLIED                        >

<!-- 2.4.1.2 Archive Where Study Originally Stored.                   -->
<!-- Archive from which the data collection was obtained; the 
    originating archive.                                              -->
<!ELEMENT origArch     (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                          >
<!ATTLIST origArch %a.global;                                           >

<!-- 2.4.1.3 Availability Status (avlStatus)                          -->
<!-- Statement of collection availability. An archive may need to 
     indicate that a collection is unavailable because it is 
     embargoed for a period of time, because it has been superseded, 
     because a new edition is imminent, etc.                          -->
<!ELEMENT avlStatus    (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                          >
<!ATTLIST avlStatus    %a.global;                                       >

<!-- 2.4.1.4 Extent of Collection.                                    -->
<!-- Summarizes the number of physical files that exist in
     a collection, recording the number of files that contain
     data and noting whether the collection contains machine-
     readable documentation and/or other supplementary files
     and information such as data dictionaries, data definition 
     statements, or data collection instruments.                      -->
<!-- NOTE: this element and 2.4.1.6(fileQnty) are somewhat redundant. -->
<!-- The original intent was to have element fileQnty as a subelement -->
<!-- of this element, however, restrictions on element inclusion in   -->
<!-- XML apparently made this unworkable.  Elements are being left    -->
<!-- in parallel for the moment, per DDI Committee.  6-17-98 Jerome   -->
<!-- McDonough                                                        -->
<!ELEMENT collSize       (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                        >
<!ATTLIST collSize  %a.global;                                          >

<!-- 2.4.1.5 Completeness of Study Stored.                            -->
<!-- This item indicates the relationship of the data collected to 
     the amount of data coded and stored in the data collection.  
     Information as to why certain items of collected information 
     were not included in the data file stored by the archive
     should be provided.                                              -->
<!ELEMENT complete     (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                          >
<!ATTLIST complete %a.global;                                           >

<!-- 2.4.1.6 Number of Files.                                         -->
<!-- Total number of physical files associated with a collection.     -->
<!ELEMENT fileQnty       (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                        >
<!ATTLIST fileQnty  %a.global;                                          >

<!-- 2.4.1.7 Collection notes.                                        -->
<!-- Indicate additional information regarding data availability.     -->
<!-- This element uses the generic notes declaration                  -->
<!-- which can be found at the end of the DTD.  6-8-98,               -->
<!-- Jerome McDonough                                                 -->

<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- 2.4.2 Date Use Statement (useStmt)                               -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- Information on terms of use for the data collection.             -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!ELEMENT useStmt   (confDec?
                   , specPerm?
                   , restrctn?
                   , contact*
                   , citReq?
                   , deposReq?
                   , conditions?
                   , disclaimer?)                                       >
<!ATTLIST useStmt %a.global;                                            >


<!-- 2.4.2.1 Confidentiality Declaration (confDec)                    -->
<!-- Used to tell if signing of a confidentiality declaration is      -->
<!-- needed to access a resource.  The required attribute is used to  -->
<!-- aid machine processing of this element.  The formNo attribute    -->
<!-- indicates the number of the form that the user must fill out.    -->
<!-- The URI attribute may be used to provide a URN or URL for online -->
<!-- access to a confidentiality declaration form.                    -->
<!ELEMENT confDec (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                               >
<!ATTLIST confDec %a.global;
                  required   (yes|no)   "yes"
                  formNo     CDATA      #IMPLIED
                  URI        CDATA      #IMPLIED                        >

<!-- 2.4.2.2 Special Permissions (specPerm)                           -->
<!-- used to tell if any special permissions are needed to access a   -->
<!-- resource. The required attribute is used to                      -->
<!-- aid machine processing of this element.  The formNo attribute    -->
<!-- indicates the number of the form that the user must fill out.    -->
<!-- The URI attribute may be used to provide a URN or URL for online -->
<!-- access to a special permissions form.                            -->
<!ELEMENT specPerm (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                              >
<!ATTLIST specPerm %a.global;
                   required   (yes|no)   "yes"
                   formNo     CDATA      #IMPLIED
                   URI        CDATA      #IMPLIED                       >

<!-- 2.4.2.3 Restrictions.                                            -->
<!-- Any restrictions on access to or use of the collection such as 
     privacy certification or distribution restrictions. These can
     be restrictions applied by the author, producer, or disseminator 
     of the data collection. If the data are restricted to only a 
     certain class of user, specify which type.                       -->
<!ELEMENT restrctn (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                              >
<!ATTLIST restrctn %a.global;                                           >

<!-- 2.4.2.4 Access Authority (contact)                               -->
<!-- Contact person or organization (with full address and telephone 
     number, if available) that controls access to a collection, if 
     different from the data distributor.                             -->
<!-- The element "contact" is declared in section A.6.4.2             -->

<!-- 2.4.2.5 Citation Requirement (citReq)                            -->
<!-- Text of requirement that a data collection should be cited 
     properly in articles or other publications that are based on 
     analysis of the data.                                            -->
<!ELEMENT citReq   (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                              >
<!ATTLIST citReq   %a.global;                                           >

<!-- 2.4.2.6 Deposit Requirement (deposReq)                           -->
<!-- Information regarding user responsibility for informing archives 
     of their use of data through providing citations to the 
     published work or providing copies of it.                        -->
<!ELEMENT deposReq   (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                            >
<!ATTLIST deposReq   %a.global;                                         >

<!-- 2.4.2.7 Conditions (conditions)                                  -->
<!-- Describes other use and access conditions information not        -->
<!-- covered in the other sections of accCond.                        -->
<!ELEMENT conditions (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                            >
<!ATTLIST conditions %a.global;                                         >

<!-- 2.4.2.8 Disclaimer (disclaimer)                                 -->
<!-- Information regarding responsibility for uses of the data 
     collection. Example: "The original collector of the 
     data, ICPSR, and the relevant funding agency bear no 
     responsibility for uses of this collection or for 
     interpretations or inferences based upon such uses."             -->
<!ELEMENT disclaimer (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                            >
<!ATTLIST disclaimer %a.global;                                         >

<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- 2.4.3 Notes (notes)                                              -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- Generic notes ELEMENT added to Data Access section               -->
<!-- to enable annotation/clarification of information                -->
<!-- regarding Data Access for the study.  Uses generic               -->
<!-- notes element defined at end of DTD. 6/8/98 jpm                  -->

<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- 2.5 OTHER STUDY DESCRIPTION MATERIALS                            -->
<!-- =====================================                            -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- Other materials relating to the study description labeled and    -->
<!-- identified by the DTD Users (encoders).                          -->
<!ELEMENT othrStdyMat    (relMat*
			 , relStdy*
			 , relPubl*
			 , othRefs*)                                    >
<!ATTLIST othrStdyMat %a.global;                                        >

<!-- 2.5.1 Related Materials.                                         -->
<!-- Describe other materials related to the study description, such 
     as appendices, additional information on sampling found in other 
     documents, etc. Can take the form of bibliographic citations. 
     This element can contain either PCDATA or a citation or both, 
     and there can be multiple occurrences of both the  citation 
     and PCDATA within a single element.  May consist of a single URI 
     or a series of URIs comprising a series of citations/references 
     to external materials which can be objects as a whole (journal 
     articles) or parts of objects (chapters or appendices in articles 
     or documents).                                                   -->
<!ELEMENT relMat     (#PCDATA| %a.phrase; | citation)*                  >
<!ATTLIST relMat     %a.global;                                         >

<!-- 2.5.2 Related Studies.                                           -->
<!-- Information on the relationship of the current data
     file to other data files (e.g., predecessors, successors,
     sequels, abridgements) or to other editions of the same
     data file. This would include the names of additional
     data sets generated from the same data collection
     vehicle plus other data sets directed at the same
     general topic. Can take the form of bibliographic citations.     -->
<!ELEMENT relStdy     (#PCDATA| %a.phrase; | citation)*                 >
<!ATTLIST relStdy     %a.global;                                        >

<!-- 2.5.3 Related Publications (relPubl)                             -->
<!-- Bibliographic and access information
     about articles and reports based on the data in this collection.
     Can take the form of bibliographic citations.                    -->
<!ELEMENT relPubl     (#PCDATA| %a.phrase; | citation)*                 >
<!ATTLIST relPubl     %a.global;                                        >

<!-- 2.5.4 Other References Note.                                     -->
<!-- Indicate here other pertinent references. Can take the form of 
     bibliographic citations.                                         -->
<!ELEMENT othRefs     (#PCDATA| %a.phrase; | citation)*                 >
<!ATTLIST othRefs     %a.global;                                        >


<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- 3.0 DATA FILES DESCRIPTION (fileDscr)                            -->
<!-- =====================================                            -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- Information about the data file.                                 -->
<!-- The file description has the following additional attributes:    -->
<!--      URI : a URN or URL that may be used to retrieve the file.   -->
<!--      sdatrefs : summary data description references              -->
<!--                 records the ID values of all elements within     -->
<!--                 the summary data description (2.2.3) that apply  -->
<!--                 to this file. These elements include: time       -->
<!--                 period covered, date of collection, nation or    -->
<!--                 country, geographic coverage, geographic unit,   -->
<!--                 unit of analysis, universe, and kind of data.    -->
<!--      methrefs : methodology and processing references            -->
<!--                 records the ID values of all elements within     -->
<!--                 the study methodology and processing section     -->
<!--                 (2.3) that apply to this file.                   -->
<!--                 These elements include information on data       -->
<!--                 collection and data appraisal (e.g., sampling,   -->
<!--                 sources, weighting, data cleaning, response      -->
<!--                 rates, and sampling error estimates).            -->
<!--       pubrefs : publication/citation references                  -->
<!--                 records the ID values of all citation elements   -->
<!--                 within section 2.5 or section 6.0 that pertain   -->
<!--                 to this file.                                    -->
<!--       access: access conditions references                       -->
<!--               records the ID values of all elements in the       -->
<!--               data use statment (2.4) of the document that       -->
<!--               describe access conditions for this file.          -->
<!ELEMENT fileDscr     (fileTxt?
		       , notes?)                                        >
<!ATTLIST fileDscr %a.global;
                   URI        CDATA    #IMPLIED
		   sdatrefs   IDREFS   #IMPLIED
		   methrefs   IDREFS   #IMPLIED
                   pubrefs    IDREFS   #IMPLIED
                   access     IDREFS   #IMPLIED                         >

<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- 3.1 FILE-BY-FILE DESCRIPTION (fileTxt)                           -->
<!-- ======================================                           -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!ELEMENT fileTxt       (fileName?
			, fileCont?
			, fileStrc?
			, dimensns?
			, fileType?
			, format?
			, filePlac?
			, dataChck?
			, ProcStat?
			, dataMsng?
			, software*
			, verStmt?)                                     >
<!ATTLIST fileTxt
     %a.global;                                                         >

<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- 3.1.1 File Name.                                                 -->
<!-- Contains a short title that will be used to distinguish a 
     particular file/part from other files/parts in the data 
     collection.                                                      -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!ELEMENT fileName     (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                          >
<!ATTLIST fileName  %a.global;                                          >

<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- 3.1.2 Contents of Files.                                         -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- Abstract or description of file. An unformatted summary
     describing the purpose, nature, and scope of the data file, 
     special characteristics of its contents, major subject areas 
     covered, and what questions the PIs attempted to answer
     when they created the file. A listing of major variables in the
     file is important here. In the case of multi-file collections, 
     this uniquely describes the contents of each file.               -->
<!ELEMENT fileCont     (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                          >
<!ATTLIST fileCont  %a.global;                                          >

<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- 3.1.3 File Structure                                             -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- Type of file structure. Use attribute of "type" to indicate 
     hierarchical, rectangular, or relational (the default is 
     rectangular).                                                    -->
<!ELEMENT fileStrc (recGrp*
                    , notes?)                                           >
<!ATTLIST fileStrc %a.global;
		   type (rectangular|hierarchical|relational) "rectangular"  >

<!-- 3.1.3.1 Record or Record Group (recGrp)                          -->
<!-- Used to describe record groupings if the file is hierarchical 
     or relational. The attribute "recGrp" allows a record group to
     indicate subsidiary record groups which nest underneath; this
     allows for the encoding of a hierarchical structure of record
     groups.  The attribute "rectype" indicates the type 
     of record, e.g., "A records" or "Household records." "Keyvar" is 
     an IDREF that provides the link to other record types. In a 
     hierarchical study consisting of individual and household records, 
     the "keyvar" on the person record will indicate the household 
     to which it belongs. The "recidvar" is the unique ID of the 
     variable group itself.                                           -->
<!ELEMENT recGrp       (labl*
                       , recDimnsn?)                                    >
<!ATTLIST recGrp
    %a.global;
    recGrp         IDREFS             #IMPLIED    
    rectype        CDATA              #IMPLIED                          
    keyvar         IDREFS             #IMPLIED
    recidvar       CDATA              #IMPLIED                          >

<!-- 3.1.3.1.1 Label (of record)                                      -->
<!-- A more descriptive specification of record group.                -->
<!-- Uses generic element/attribute declaration for labl to be found  -->
<!-- at end of Codebook DTD, section A.2.                             -->

<!-- 3.1.3.1.2 Dimensions (of record)                                 -->
<!-- Information about the physical characteristics of the record.    -->
<!-- level attribute included per DDI Comm. instructions; should be   -->
<!-- set to 'record'.  6-17-98 Jerome McDonough                       -->
<!ELEMENT recDimnsn (varQnty?
                       , caseQnty?
                       , logRecL?)                                      >
<!ATTLIST recDimnsn
    %a.global;    
    level          CDATA            #IMPLIED                            >

<!-- 3.1.3.1.2.1 Number of variables per record (varQnty)             -->
<!-- Uses varQnty element/attribute declaration found later in this   -->
<!-- DTD (3.1.4.2).                                                   -->

<!-- 3.1.3.1.2.2 Number of cases                                      -->
<!-- Number of records of this type.                                  -->
<!-- Uses caseQnty element/attribute declaration found later in this  -->
<!-- DTD (3.1.4.1)                                                    -->

<!-- 3.1.3.1.2.3 Record Length                                        -->
<!-- Logical record length of record, i.e., number of characters of 
     data in the record.                                              -->
<!-- Uses LogRecL element/attribute declaration found later in this   -->
<!-- DTD (3.1.4.3)                                                    -->

<!-- 3.1.3.2 Notes (on record or record group)                        -->
<!-- Indicate any additional information regarding this record type.  -->
<!-- Uses generic element/attribute declarations for notes found at   -->
<!-- the end of the Codebook DTD, section A.4.                        -->


<!-- 3.1.4 File Dimensions                                            -->
<!-- Dimensions of the overall file.                                  -->
<!ELEMENT dimensns    (caseQnty*
		      , varQnty*
		      , logRecL*
		      , recPrCas*
		      , recNumTot*)                                     >
<!ATTLIST dimensns %a.global;                                           >

<!-- 3.1.4.1 Overall Case Count                                       -->
<!-- Number of cases or observations in the entire file. To be used 
     for rectangular files only.                                      -->
<!ELEMENT caseQnty     (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                          >
<!ATTLIST caseQnty  %a.global;                                          >

<!-- 3.1.4.2 Overall Variable Count                                   -->
<!-- Number of variables in the entire file.To be used for 
     rectangular files only.                                          -->
<!ELEMENT varQnty     (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                           >
<!ATTLIST varQnty %a.global;                                            >

<!-- 3.1.4.3 Logical Record Length                                    -->
<!-- Logical record length of file, i.e., number of characters. 
     To be used for rectangular files or if all records in a 
     hierarchical file are the same length.                           -->
<!ELEMENT logRecL (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                               >
<!ATTLIST logRecL %a.global;                                            >

<!-- 3.1.4.4 Records per Case                                         -->
<!-- Records per case in file. This should be used for card-image 
     data or other files in which there are multiple records 
     per case.                                                        -->
<!ELEMENT recPrCas     (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                          >
<!ATTLIST recPrCas %a.global;                                           >

<!-- 3.1.4.5 Overall Number of records (recNumTot)                    -->
<!-- Overall record count in file. Use in instances such as files 
     with multiple cards/decks or records per case.                   -->
<!ELEMENT recNumTot    (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                          >
<!ATTLIST recNumTot    %a.global;                                       >

<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- 3.1.5 Type of File.                                              -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- Types of data files include raw data (ASCII, EBCDIC, etc.) and 
     software-dependent files such as SAS datasets, SPSS export files, 
     etc. If the data are of mixed types (e.g., ASCII and packed 
     decimal), state that here. Note that the element varFormat
     (4.2.23) permits specification of the data format at the 
     variable level.
     The charset attribute allows you to specify the character set
     used in the file, e.g., us-ascii, ebcdic, unicode UTF-8, etc.    -->
<!ELEMENT fileType (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                              >
<!ATTLIST fileType %a.global;
                   charset   CDATA   #IMPLIED                           >

<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- 3.1.6 Data Format                                                -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- Physical format of the data file: Logical record length format, 
     card-image format (i.e., data with multiple records per case), 
     delimited format, free format, etc.                              -->
<!ELEMENT format   (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                              >
<!ATTLIST format   %a.global;                                           >

<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- 3.1.7 Place of File Production.                                  -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- Indicate whether file was produced at an archive or produced 
     elsewhere.                                                       -->
<!ELEMENT filePlac (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                              >
<!ATTLIST filePlac %a.global;                                           >

<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- 3.1.8 Extent of Processing Checks                                -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- Indicate here at the file level the types of checks and 
     operations performed on the data file. A controlled vocabulary 
     may be developed for this element in the future.                 -->
<!ELEMENT dataChck (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                              >
<!ATTLIST dataChck %a.global;                                           >

<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- 3.1.9 Processing Status (ProcStat)                               -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- Processing status of file, if part of a multi-file collection. 
     Some data producers and social science data archives employ data 
     processing strategies that provide for release of data and 
     documentation at various stages of processing.                   -->
<!ELEMENT ProcStat      (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                         >
<!ATTLIST ProcStat      %a.global;                                      >

<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- 3.1.10 Missing Data                                              -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- This element can be used to give general information about       -->
<!-- missing data, e.g., that missing data have been standardized     -->
<!-- across the collection, missing data are present because of       -->
<!-- merging, etc.                                                    -->
<!ELEMENT dataMsng (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                              >
<!ATTLIST dataMsng %a.global;                                           >

<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- 3.1.11 Software                                                  -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- Software that created the file. A "version" attribute permits 
     specification of the software version number.                    -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- This tag uses the element/attribute declaration for software     -->
<!-- which can be found in codebook DTD section A.6.3.5               -->

<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- 3.1.12 Version Statement (verStmt)                               -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- Version statement for the data file, if one of a multi-file 
     collection.                                                      -->
<!-- Uses generic element/attribute declaration for verStmt to be     -->
<!-- found at end of Codebook DTD, section A.6.6.  This tag should be -->
<!-- used for providing information regarding the version of a        -->
<!-- particular file (as opposed to the documentation or the study).  -->

<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- 3.2 Notes (notes)                                                -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- Additional information about the data file not covered in 
     other elements.                                                  -->
<!-- This tag uses the generic element/attribute declarations         -->
<!-- for notes which can be found at the end of the DTD.  6/30/98     -->
<!-- Jerome McDonough                                                 -->

<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- 4.0 VARIABLE DESCRIPTION (dataDscr)                              -->
<!-- ===================================                              -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!ELEMENT dataDscr       (varGrp* , var*)                               >
<!ATTLIST dataDscr  %a.global;                                          > 

<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- 4.1 VARIABLE GROUP (varGrp)                                      -->
<!-- ===========================                                      -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- A group of variables that may share a common subject,
     arise from the interpretation of a single question, or
     are linked by some other factor.                                 -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- The variable group has the following additional attributes:      -->
<!--      type : The "type" of group attribute refers to the general  -->
<!--      type of grouping of the variables, e.g., topic, multiple    -->
<!--      response.                                                   -->
<!--      var : The "var" reference is used to indicate all the       -->
<!--      constituent variable IDs in the group.                      -->
<!--      varGrp : the "varGrp" reference is used to indicate all the -->
<!--               subsidiary variable groups which nest underneath   -->
<!--               the current varGrp.  This allows for the encoding  -->
<!--               of a hierarchical structure of variable groups.    -->
<!--      name : The unique ID for the group.                         -->
<!--      sdatrefs : summary data description references -            -->
<!--                 records the ID values of all elements within     -->
<!--                 the summary data description (2.2.3) that apply  -->
<!--                 to this variable group. These elements           -->
<!--                 include: time period covered, date of            -->
<!--                 collection, nation or country, geographic        -->
<!--                 coverage, geographic unit, unit of analysis,     -->
<!--                 universe, and kind of data.                      -->
<!--      methrefs : methodology and processing references -          -->
<!--                 records the ID values of all elements within     -->
<!--                 the study methodology and processing section     -->
<!--                 (2.3) that apply to this variable group.         -->
<!--                 These elements include information on data       -->
<!--                 collection and data appraisal (e.g., sampling,   -->
<!--                 sources, weighting, data cleaning, response      -->
<!--                 rates, and sampling error estimates).            -->
<!--       pubrefs : publication/citation references                  -->
<!--                 records the ID values of all citation elements   -->
<!--                 within section 2.5 or section 5.0 that pertain   -->
<!--                 to this variable group.                          -->
<!--       access: access conditions references                       -->
<!--               records the ID values of all elements in the       -->
<!--               data use statement (2.4.2) of the document that    -->
<!--               describe access conditions for this var group.     -->

<!-- Variable groups are created this way fin order to permit         
     variables to belong to multiple groups, including multiple 
     subject groups such as a group of variables on sex and income, 
     or to a subject and a multiple response group, without causing 
     overlapping groups. Variables that are linked by use of the same 
     question need not be identified by a Variable Group element 
     because they are linked by a common unique question identifier 
     in the Variable element. Note that as a result of the strict 
     sequencing required by XML, all Variable Groups must be marked 
     up before the Variable element is opened.  That is, the mark-up 
     author cannot mark up a Variable Group, then mark up
     its constituent variables, then mark up another Variable Group.  -->

<!ELEMENT varGrp        (labl*
			, txt*
			, defntn?
			, universe?
			, notes?)                                       >
<!ATTLIST varGrp
    %a.global;    
    type          (section|multipleResp|grid|display|repetition|subject|
                   version|iteration|analysis|pragmatic|record|file|
                   randomized|other)        "other"
    var           IDREFS                    #IMPLIED
    varGrp        IDREFS                    #IMPLIED                    
    name          CDATA                     #IMPLIED
    sdatrefs      IDREFS                    #IMPLIED
    methrefs      IDREFS                    #IMPLIED
    pubrefs       IDREFS                    #IMPLIED
    access        IDREFS                    #IMPLIED                    >

<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- 4.1.1 Variable Group Label (labl)                                -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- A short description of the variable group.                       -->
<!-- Uses generic element/attribute declaration for labl to be found  -->
<!-- at the end of the Codebook DTD, section A.2.  6/30/98,           -->
<!-- J. McDonough                                                     -->

<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- 4.1.2 Variable Group Text                                        -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- Lengthier description of variable group.                         -->
<!-- Uses generic txt element declared in A.3, later in DTD.          -->
<!-- 6-8-98, Jerry McDonough                                          -->


<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- 4.1.3 Variable Group Definition                                  -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- Rationale for why the variables are grouped in this way.         -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!ELEMENT defntn     (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                            >
<!ATTLIST defntn %a.global;                                             >

<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- 4.1.4 Universe.                                                  -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- Already declared as element "universe"
     under Study Description, 2.2.3.7. Set level attribute to assign
     to study level, variable-group level or (below)
     individual variable level.                                       -->


<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- 4.1.5 notes.                                                     -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- For clarifying information/annotation                            -->
<!-- regarding the variable groups.  Uses the generic                 -->
<!-- notes ELEMENT declared at the end of the DTD. 6/8/98             -->
<!-- Jerry McDonough                                                  -->

<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- 4.2 VARIABLE (var)                                               -->
<!-- ==================                                               -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- The variable element has the following additional attributes:    -->
<!--      name : The attribute "name" is a unique ID for
                 the variable. Following the rules of many 
                 statistical analysis systems such as SAS and SPSS, 
                 names are usually up to eight characters long.       -->
<!--      wgt :  Whether the variable is a weight.                    -->
<!--      wgt-var : Reference to the weight variable for this 
                 variable.                                            -->
<!--      qstn : Question ID for the variable.                        -->
<!--      files : IDREF of the file to which the variable belongs.     -->
<!--      vendor : used to indicate which particular vendor's flavor  -->
<!--               of format has been used (SAS date v. SPSS date)    -->
<!--      dcml : Number of decimal points in the variable.            -->
<!--      intrvl : Options are discrete (default) or coninuous        -->
<!--      rectype : record type to which this variable belongs        -->
<!--      sdatrefs : summary data description references -            -->
<!--                 records the ID values of all elements within     -->
<!--                 the summary data description (2.2.3) that apply  -->
<!--                 to this variable. See Variable Group, 4.1        -->
<!--      methrefs : methodology and processing references -          -->
<!--                 records the ID values of all elements within     -->
<!--                 the study methodology and processing section     -->
<!--                 (2.3) that apply to this variable. See 4.1.      -->
<!--       pubrefs : publication/citation references                  -->
<!--                 records the ID values of all citation elements   -->
<!--                 within section 2.5 or section 6.0 that pertain   -->
<!--                 to this variable.                                -->
<!--       access: access conditions references                       -->
<!--               records the ID values of all elements in the       -->
<!--               data use statement (2.4.2) of the document that    -->
<!--               describe access conditions for this variable.      -->
<!-- Files attribute intended to link individual variables with       -->
<!-- the files where data on those variables may be found.  7/1/98,   -->
<!-- J. McDonough                                                     -->
<!ELEMENT var        (location*
		     , labl*
		     , imputation?
		     , security?
                     , embargo?
                     , respUnit?
                     , anlysUnit?
		     , qstn*
		     , valrng*
		     , invalrng*
		     , undocCod*
		     , universe*
		     , TotlResp?
		     , sumStat*
		     , txt*
                     , stdCatgry*
		     , catgryGrp*
                     , catgry*
		     , codInstr*
		     , verStmt*
                     , concept*
                     , derivation?
                     , varFormat?
		     , notes*)                                          >
<!ATTLIST var
    %a.global;    
    name           CDATA                    #REQUIRED
    wgt            (wgt|not-wgt)            "not-wgt"
    wgt-var        IDREF                    #IMPLIED
    qstn           IDREFS                   #IMPLIED
    files          IDREFS                   #IMPLIED
    vendor         CDATA                    #IMPLIED
    dcml           CDATA                    #IMPLIED
    intrvl         (contin|discrete)        "discrete"
    rectype        CDATA                    #IMPLIED
    sdatrefs       IDREFS                   #IMPLIED
    methrefs       IDREFS                   #IMPLIED
    pubrefs        IDREFS                   #IMPLIED
    access         IDREFS                   #IMPLIED                    >

<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- 4.2.1 Location (location)                                        -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- This is an empty element containing only the attributes listed 
     below. Attributes include "StartPos" (starting position of 
     variable), "EndPos" (ending position of variable), "width" 
     (number of columns the variable occupies), "RecSegNo" (the 
     record segment number, deck or card number the variable is 
     located on), and fileid, an IDREF link to the fileDscr element
     for the file that this location is within (this is necessary in
     cases where the same variable may be coded in two different
     files, e.g., a logical record length type file and a card image
     type file). Note that if there is no width or
     ending position, then the starting position should be the ordinal
     position in the file, and the file would be described as
     free-format.                                                     -->

<!ELEMENT location             EMPTY                                    >
<!ATTLIST location
     %a.global;    
     StartPos     CDATA                     #IMPLIED
     EndPos       CDATA                     #IMPLIED
     width        CDATA                     #IMPLIED
     RecSegNo     CDATA                     #IMPLIED
     fileid       IDREF                     #IMPLIED                    >

<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- 4.2.2 Variable Label                                             -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- A descriptive phrase which defines the variable. 
     The length of this phrase may depend on the statistical analysis
     system used (e.g., some version of SAS permit 40 character 
     labels while some versions of SPSS permit 120 characters.        -->
<!-- Use generic "labl" tag with level set to "variable."             -->
<!-- Element declaration for labl may be found at end                 -->
<!-- of the DTD.  Jerry McDonough, 6-8-98                             -->

<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- 4.2.3 Imputation (imputation)                                    -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- According to the Statistical Terminology glossary maintained by 
     the National Science Foundation, this is "the process by which 
     one estimates missing values for items that a survey respondent 
     failed to provide," and if applicable in this context, it refers 
     to the type of procedure used.                                   -->

<!ELEMENT imputation (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                            >
<!ATTLIST imputation %a.global;                                         >

<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- 4.2.4 Security (security)                                        -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- Provides information regarding levels of access to the variable,
     e.g., public, subscriber, need to know. The ISO standard for 
     dates (YYYY-MM-DD) is recommended for use with the date 
     attribute.                                                       -->

<!ELEMENT security   (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                            >
<!ATTLIST security
    %a.global;    
    %a.date;                                                            >

<!-- 4.2.5 Embargo (embargo)                                          -->
<!-- Provides information on variables which are not currently
     available because of policies established by the principal
     investigators and/or data producers. The ISO standard for dates 
     (YYYY-MM-DD) is recommended for use with the date attribute.     -->
<!ELEMENT embargo    (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                            >
<!ATTLIST embargo %a.global;    
                  %a.date;
                  event   (notBefore|notAfter)   "notBefore"
                  format  CDATA                  #IMPLIED               >


<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- 4.2.6 Response Unit (respUnit)                                   -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- Describes who provided the information contained within the      -->
<!-- variable, e.g., respondent, proxy, interviewer                   -->
<!ELEMENT respUnit    (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                           >
<!ATTLIST respUnit %a.global;                                           >

<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- 4.2.7 Analysis Unit (anlysUnit)                                  -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- Details whom or what the variable describes.                     -->
<!ELEMENT anlysUnit    (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                          >
<!ATTLIST anlysUnit %a.global;                                          >

<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- 4.2.8 Question.                                                  -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- The question element may have mixed content. The element itself 
     may contain text for the question, with the subelements being 
     used to provide further information about the question. 
     Alternatively, the question element may be empty and only the 
     subelements used. The element has a unique question ID
     attribute which can be used to link a variable with other 
     variables where the same question has been asked.  This would 
     allow searching for all variables that share the same question 
     ID perhaps because the questions was asked several times in a 
     panel design. The "question" ID is a unique identifier for the 
     question. "Var" is a reference to IDs of all variables relating 
     to the question. "seqNo" refers to the sequence number of the 
     question. The attribute sdatrefs may be used to reference 
     elements in the summary data description (2.2.3) which apply to 
     this question.                                                   -->
<!ELEMENT qstn    (#PCDATA | %a.phrase; | preQTxt | qstnLit | postQTxt
		   | forward | backward | ivuInstr)*                    >
<!ATTLIST qstn
    %a.global;    
    qstn              IDREF          #IMPLIED
    var               IDREFS         #IMPLIED
    seqNo             CDATA          #IMPLIED
    sdatrefs          IDREFS         #IMPLIED                           >


<!-- 4.2.8.1 PreQuestion Text                                         -->
<!-- Text describing a set of conditions under which a question might 
     be asked.                                                        -->
<!ELEMENT preQTxt   (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                             >
<!ATTLIST preQTxt    %a.global;                                         >

<!-- 4.2.8.2 Literal Question                                         -->
<!-- Text of the actual, literal question asked.                      -->
<!ELEMENT qstnLit        (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                        >
<!ATTLIST qstnLit
    %a.global;                                                          >

<!-- 4.2.8.3 PostQuestion Text                                        -->
<!-- Text describing what occurs after the literal question has been 
     asked.                                                           -->
<!ELEMENT postQTxt  (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                             >
<!ATTLIST postQTxt   %a.global;                                         >

<!-- 4.2.8.4 Forward Progression                                      -->
<!-- Contains a reference to IDs of possible following questions. 
     The "qstn" IDREF may be used to specify the IDs.                 -->
<!ELEMENT forward  (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                              >
<!ATTLIST forward   %a.global;    
		    qstn   IDREFS   #IMPLIED                            >

<!-- 4.2.8.5 Backflow                                                 -->
<!-- Contains a reference to IDs of possible preceding questions. 
     The "qstn" IDREF may be used to specify the IDs.                 -->
<!ELEMENT backward (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                              >
<!ATTLIST backward  %a.global;    
		    qstn   IDREFS   #IMPLIED                            >

<!-- 4.2.8.6 Interviewer Instructions (ivuInstr)                      -->
<!-- Specific instructions to the individual conducting an 
     interview.                                                       -->
<!ELEMENT ivuInstr  (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                             >
<!ATTLIST ivuInstr  %a.global;                                          >

<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- 4.2.9 Range of Valid Data Values (valrng)                        -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- Values for a particular variable that represent legitimate 
     responses.                                                       -->
<!-- See appendix for declarations of range, item, and key elements.  -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!ELEMENT valrng  ((range | item)+, key?, notes?)                       >
<!ATTLIST valrng
     %a.global;                                                         >

<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- 4.2.10 Range of Invalid Data Values (invalrng)                    -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- Values for a particular variable 
     that represent missing data, not applicable responses, etc.      -->
<!-- See appendix for declarations of range, item, and key elements.  -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!ELEMENT invalrng ((range | item)+, key?, notes?)                      >
<!ATTLIST invalrng
     %a.global;                                                         >

<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- 4.2.11 List of Undocumented Codes (undocCod)                     -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- Values whose meaning is unknown.                                 -->
<!ELEMENT undocCod (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                              >
<!ATTLIST undocCod %a.global;                                           >

<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- 4.2.12 Universe.                                                 -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- Element already declared under Study 
     Description. Set level attribute to assign
     to study level, variable group or individual variable level.     -->

<!-- 4.2.13 Total Responses (TotlResp)                                -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- The number of responses to this variable.  This element might
     be used if the number of responses does not match added case
     counts. It may also be used to sum the frequencies for variable 
     categories.                                                      -->
<!ELEMENT TotlResp (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                              >
<!ATTLIST TotlResp %a.global;                                           >

<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- 4.2.14 Summary Statistics (sumStat).                             -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- One or more statistical measures which describe the responses 
     to a particular variable and may include one or more standard 
     summaries, e.g., minimum and maximum values, etc.                -->
<!-- Attribute weight is an IDREF to weight element in study          -->
<!-- description (2.3.1.12).                                          -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!ELEMENT sumStat     (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                           >
<!ATTLIST sumStat
     %a.global;    
     wgtd         (wgtd|not-wgtd)           "not-wgtd"
     weight       IDREF                     #IMPLIED
     type         (mean|medn|mode|vald|
		  invd|min|max|stdev)       #REQUIRED                   >

<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- 4.2.15 Variable Text (txt)                                       -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- An extended description, beyond that provided in Variable Name
     and Label, of the variable.                                      -->
<!-- Uses generic element/attribute declaration for txt which can be  -->
<!-- be found at the end of the Codebook DTD.  6/30/97 J. McDonough   -->

<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- 4.2.16 Standard Categories (stdCatgry)                           -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- Standard category groups used in this variable, like industry    -->
<!-- codes, employment codes, or social class codes.                  -->
<!-- Attribute of date provided to indicate version of code in place  -->
<!-- at time of study.                                                -->
<!-- Attribute of URI provided to indicate a URN or URL that can be   -->
<!-- used to obtain the electronic form of the category groups.       -->
<!ELEMENT stdCatgry   (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                           >
<!ATTLIST stdCatgry %a.global;
                    %a.date;
                    URI     CDATA     #IMPLIED                          >

<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- 4.2.17 Category Group (catgryGrp)                                -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- A description of response categories that might be grouped
     together. The attribute "missing" indicates whether this 
     category group contains missing data or not. The attribute 
     "missType" is used to specify the type of missing data, e.g., 
     inap., don't know, no answer, etc. A controlled vocabulary for 
     "missType" will be developed in the future.
     The attribute catGrp is used to indicate all the subsidiary
     category groups which nest underneath the current category
     group.  This allows for the encoding of a hierarchical structure
     of category groups.                                              -->
<!ELEMENT catgryGrp  (labl*
		     , txt*)                                            >
<!ATTLIST catgryGrp  %a.global;
                     missing         (Y|N)                   "N"
                     missType        CDATA                   #IMPLIED
                     catgry          IDREFS                  #IMPLIED
                     catGrp          IDREFS                  #IMPLIED   >

<!-- 4.2.17.1 Category Group Label                                    -->
<!-- A short description of the category group.                       -->
<!-- This tag uses the element/attribute declarations for the generic -->
<!-- element labl to be found at the end of the Codebook DTD, section -->
<!-- A.2.  Jerome McDonough 6/22/98                                   -->

<!-- 4.2.17.2 Category Group Text                                     -->
<!-- A fuller description of the category group.                      -->
<!-- This tag uses the element/attribute declarations for the generic -->
<!-- element txt to be found at the end of the Codebook DTD, section  -->
<!-- A.3.  Jerome McDonough 6/22/98                                   -->

<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- 4.2.18 Category (catgry)                                         -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- A description of a particular response. The attribute "missing" 
     indicates whether this category group contains missing data or 
     not. The attribute "missType" is used to specify the type of 
     missing data, e.g., inap., don't know, no answer, etc. A
     controlled vocabulary for "missType" will be developed in the 
     future. The attribute of country allows for the denotation of
     country-specific category values.                                -->
<!ELEMENT catgry        (catValu?
			, labl*
			, txt*
			, catStat*)                                     >
<!ATTLIST catgry
    missing         (Y|N)                   "N"
    missType        CDATA                   #IMPLIED
    country         CDATA                   #IMPLIED
    %a.global;                                                          >

<!-- 4.2.18.1 Category Value                                        -->
<!-- The explicit response.                                           -->
<!ELEMENT catValu     (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                           >
<!ATTLIST catValu %a.global;                                            >

<!-- 4.2.18.2 Category Label                                        -->
<!-- A short description of the response.                             -->
<!-- Use generic labl tag, declared at end of DTD.                    -->

<!-- 4.2.18.3 Category Text                                         -->
<!-- A fuller description of the response or an elaboration on the 
     response.                                                        -->
<!-- Use generic txt tag, declared at end of DTD.                     -->

<!-- 4.2.18.4 Category Statistic (catStat).                         -->
<!-- May include frequencies, percentages, or crosstabulation 
     results which define the category; often appears in a table. 
     The attribute "type" refers to "frequency", "percent", 
     "crosstab", etc. The URI attribute can be used to link to a 
     table.                                                           -->
<!-- The category statistic section is presumed to contain one of     -->
<!-- the following: 1. textual information (e.g., PCDATA), or         -->
<!-- 2. non-parseable character data (e.g., the statistics), or       -->
<!-- 3. some other form of external information (table, image, etc.). -->
<!-- In the case of 1, the catStat tag can be used to markup the      -->
<!-- character data.  In cases 2 or 3, the element can be left        -->
<!-- empty and the URI attribute used to refer to the external        -->
<!-- object containing the information.  Jerome McDonough 6/22/98     -->
<!ELEMENT catStat     (#PCDATA | %a.phrase; | table)*                   >
<!ATTLIST catStat
     %a.global;    
     type          (freq|percent|crosstab)         "freq"
     URI           CDATA                           #IMPLIED             >

<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- 4.2.19 Coder Instructions (codInstr)                             -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- Any special instructions to those who converted information
     from one form to another for a particular variable.  This
     might include the reordering of numeric information into 
     another form or the conversion of textual information into
     numeric information.                                             -->
<!ELEMENT codInstr  (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                             >
<!ATTLIST codInstr  %a.global;                                          >

<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- 4.2.20 Version Statement (verStmt)                               -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- Version statement for the variable, if it has undergone changes. -->
<!-- Uses generic element/declaration for verStmt which can be found  -->
<!-- at the end of the Codebook DTD.  6/30/98 J. McDonough            -->

<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- 4.2.21 Concept (concept)                                         -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- The general subject to which this variable may be seen as        -->
<!-- pertaining.  This element serves the same purpose as the         -->
<!-- keywords and topic classification elements, but at the variable  -->
<!-- level instead of the study level.                                -->
<!-- The vocab attribute is provided to indicate the controlled       -->
<!-- vocabularly used in the element, if any (e.g., LCSH, Mesh, etc.) -->
<!-- vocabURI attribute added to specify  location for full           -->
<!-- controlled vocabulary.                                           -->
<!ELEMENT concept  (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                              >
<!ATTLIST concept  %a.global;
                   vocab   CDATA   #IMPLIED
                   vocabURI   CDATA   #IMPLIED                          >

<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- 4.2.22 Derivation (derivation)                                   -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- Used only in the case of derived variables, this element         -->
<!-- provides both a description of how the derivation was performed  -->
<!-- and the command used to generate the derived variable, as well   -->
<!-- as indicating the other variables in the study used to generate  -->
<!-- the derivation.                                                  -->
<!-- The var attribute provides the ID values of the other variables  -->
<!-- in the study used to generate this derived variable.             -->
<!ELEMENT derivation   (drvdesc?, drvcmd?)                              >
<!ATTLIST derivation   %a.global;
                       var   IDREFS   #IMPLIED                          >

<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- 4.2.22.1 Derivation Description (drvdesc)                        -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- A textual description of the way in which this variable was      -->
<!-- derived for display to users.                                    -->
<!ELEMENT drvdesc   (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                             >
<!ATTLIST drvdesc   %a.global;                                          >

<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- 4.2.22.2 Derivation Command (drvcmd)                             -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- The actual command used to generate the derived variable.        -->
<!-- The syntax attribute is used to indicate the command language    -->
<!-- employed (e.g., SPSS, SAS, Fortran, etc.)                        -->
<!ELEMENT drvcmd   (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                              >
<!ATTLIST drvcmd   %a.global;
                   syntax   CDATA   #IMPLIED                            >

<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- 4.2.23 Variable Format (format)                                  -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- format for the variable in question.  Format has the following   -->
<!-- attributes:                                                      -->
<!--      type: either character or numeric                           -->
<!--      formatname: name for the particular format, if applicable   -->
<!--      schema: vendor or standards body which defines the format,  -->
<!--              one of SAS, SPSS, IBM, ANSI, ISO, XML-DATA          -->
<!--      category: date, time, currency, other                       -->
<!--      URI: network identifier for format definition               -->
<!ELEMENT varFormat (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                             >
<!ATTLIST varFormat %a.global;
                 type   (character | numeric)   "numeric"
                 formatname   CDATA   #IMPLIED
                 schema (SAS|SPSS|IBM|ANSI|ISO|XML-Data|other) "ISO"
                 category (date | time | currency | other)   "other"
                 URI   CDATA   #IMPLIED                                 >

<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- 4.2.24 Notes                                                     -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- Used to indicate additional information regarding the variable.  -->
<!-- Use generic "notes" element, declared at end of DTD.             -->


<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- 5.0 OTHER STUDY-RELATED MATERIALS                                -->
<!-- =======================                                          -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- This section allows for the inclusion of other materials that 
     are related to the study as identified and labeled by the DTD 
     users (encoders). Such materials could include a bibliography, 
     reports, etc. This section may serve as a "container" for other 
     machine-readable materials such as data definition statements, 
     PDF codebook, etc. Users should employ the URI attribute to 
     indicate the location of other study-related materials. The 
     "type" and "level" attributes can be used to further define 
     the related materials.                                           -->
<!-- ELEMENT declaration of otherMat may be found at end              -->
<!-- of DTD.                                                          -->


<!-- Appendix A. Generic Lower-level Elements                         -->
<!-- ========================================                         -->
<!-- Note that most lower-level elements of a generic sort
     are handled by the core TEI elements, especially
     those grouped together by means of the parameter
     entities #PCDATA #PCDATA #PCDATA
     and %component.seq;                                              -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- A.1 Other Material                                               -->
<!-- Level attribute used in place of separate elements for
     'other material.' Suggested values for level include
     specifications of the item-level to which the element
     applies: e.g., level=record; level=variable;
     level=study.  The URI attribute doesn't have to be used in every
     case; it's intended for capturing references to other
     materials separate from the codebook itself.                     -->
<!ELEMENT otherMat      (otherMat* | (labl* , txt? , notes?, table*, citation?))   >
<!ATTLIST otherMat
     %a.global;    
     type           CDATA                 #IMPLIED
     level (data|datafile|studydsc|study) #REQUIRED
     URI            CDATA                 #IMPLIED                      >

<!-- A.2 Name (labl)                                                  -->
<!-- Vendor attribute added (and all labels made repeatable) to       -->
<!-- allow for specification of different labels for use with         -->
<!-- different vendors' software.                                     -->
<!ELEMENT labl           (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                        >
<!ATTLIST labl
    %a.global;    
    level          CDATA                    #IMPLIED
    vendor         CDATA                    #IMPLIED                   >

<!-- A.3. Descriptive Text (txt)                                      -->
<!-- Suggested values for Level include specifications of the
     item-level for which the text supplies a description:
     e.g., Level=record; Level=variable; level=category               -->
<!ELEMENT txt             (#PCDATA | %a.phrase; | table)*               >
<!ATTLIST txt
    %a.global;    
    level          CDATA                    #IMPLIED                    >

<!-- A.4. Notes and comments (notes)                                  -->
<!ELEMENT notes     (#PCDATA | %a.phrase; | table)*                     >
<!ATTLIST notes
    %a.global;    
    type        CDATA         #IMPLIED
    subject     CDATA         #IMPLIED
    level       CDATA         #IMPLIED
    resp        CDATA         #IMPLIED                                  >

<!-- A.5. Paragraph (p)                                               -->
<!ELEMENT p        (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                              >
<!ATTLIST p %a.global;                                                  >

<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- A.6 BIBLIOGRAPHIC CITATION (citation)                            -->
<!-- ========================================                         -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- Note: Citation elements may be found in three places in the DTD:
     (1) In the Document Description, Citation (of Documentation),
     (2) in the Document Description, Citation (of Documentation
     Source), and in the Study Description, Citation (of Study).      -->
<!-- MARCURI attribute provided to give URI for MARC record for this  -->
<!-- citation.                                                        -->
     
<!ELEMENT citation     (titlStmt
		       , rspStmt?
		       , prodStmt?
		       , distStmt?
		       , serStmt?
		       , verStmt*
		       , biblCit?
                       , holdings*
		       , notes?)                                        >
<!ATTLIST citation    %a.global;
                      MARCURI   CDATA     #IMPLIED                      >

<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- A.6.1 Title Statement                                            -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!ELEMENT titlStmt       (titl
			 , subTitl*
			 , altTitl*
			 , parTitl*
			 , IDNo*)                                       >
<!ATTLIST titlStmt  %a.global;                                          >

<!-- A.6.1.1 Title                                                    -->
<!-- Contains the full authoritative title of the data/documentation 
     The data collection title 
     will in most cases be identical to the title for the 
     documentation. A full title should indicate the geographic scope 
     of the data collection as well as the time period covered.       -->
<!-- Maps to Dublin Core Title element. This element is required in 
     the Study Description citation.                                  -->
<!ELEMENT titl          (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                         >
<!ATTLIST titl   %a.global;                                             >

<!-- A.6.1.2 Subtitle                                                 -->
<!-- A secondary title used to amplify
     or state certain limitations on the main title.                  -->
<!ELEMENT subTitl       (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                         >
<!ATTLIST subTitl       %a.global;                                      >

<!-- A.6.1.3 Alternative Title                                        -->
<!-- The alternative title may be the title by which a data 
     collection is commonly referred or it may be an abbreviation for 
     the title.                                                       -->
<!ELEMENT altTitl       (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                         >
<!ATTLIST altTitl       %a.global;                                      >

<!-- A.6.1.4 Parallel Title:                                          -->
<!-- Title translated into another language.                          -->
<!ELEMENT parTitl       (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                         >
<!ATTLIST parTitl       %a.global;                                      >

<!-- A.6.1.5 Identification Number                                    -->
<!-- Unique string or number (producer's/archive's number)            -->
<!ELEMENT IDNo      (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                             >
<!ATTLIST IDNo
    %a.global;    
    agency           CDATA            #IMPLIED                          >

<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- A.6.2 Responsibility Statement                                   -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!ELEMENT rspStmt     (AuthEnty*
		      , othId*)                                         >
<!ATTLIST rspStmt  %a.global;                                           >

<!-- A.6.2.1 Authoring Entity (AuthEnty).                             -->
<!-- The person, corporate body, or agency responsible for the data/
     documentation's substantive and intellectual content. 
     Repeat the element for each author, and use affiliation
     attribute if available. Invert first and last name and use 
     comma.                                                           -->
<!-- Maps to Dublin Core Creator element.  Inclusion of this element  -->
<!-- in codebook is recommended.                                      -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!ELEMENT AuthEnty     (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                          >
<!ATTLIST AuthEnty
    %a.global;    
    affiliation       CDATA                #IMPLIED                     >

<!-- A.6.2.2 Other identifications and acknowledgments                -->
<!-- Give statements of responsibility not recorded in the title and  -->
<!-- statement of responsibility area.  Make notes on persons or      -->
<!-- bodies connected with the work, or significant persons or bodies -->
<!-- connected with previous editions and not already named in the    -->
<!-- description.                                                     -->
<!-- Role attribute should describe individual's "job title" in       -->
<!-- regards to study, e.g., data collection staff, research          -->
<!-- initiator, etc.  7/2/98 J. McDonough                             -->
<!-- Maps to Dublin Core Contributor element; see A NOTE ON           -->
<!-- MAPPING TO DUBLIN CORE above.  Inclusion of this element         -->
<!-- is recommended.                                                  -->

<!ELEMENT othId     (p* , (othId)*)                                     >
<!ATTLIST othId
    %a.global;    
    type           CDATA        #IMPLIED
    role           CDATA        #IMPLIED
    affiliation    CDATA        #IMPLIED                                >

<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- A.6.3 Production Statement (prodstmtD)                           -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!ELEMENT prodStmt     (producer*
                       , copyright?
		       , prodDate*
		       , prodPlac*
		       , software*
                       , fundAg*
                       , grantNo*)                                      >
<!ATTLIST prodStmt     %a.global;                                       >

<!-- A.6.3.1 Producer                                                 -->
<!-- The producer is the person or organization                       -->
<!-- with the financial or administrative responsibility for the      -->
<!-- physical processes whereby the data/documentation
     is brought into existence.                                       -->
<!-- Use the role attribute to distinguish different stages of 
     involvement in the production process, such as 
     original producer.                                               -->
<!-- Maps to Dublin Core Publisher element; see A NOTE ON MAPPING TO  -->
<!-- DUBLIN CORE above.  Inclusion of this element in codebook is     -->
<!-- recommended.                                                     -->
<!ELEMENT producer     (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                          >
<!ATTLIST producer
    %a.global;    
    abbr         CDATA        #IMPLIED
    affiliation  CDATA        #IMPLIED
    role         CDATA        #IMPLIED                                  >

<!-- A.6.3.2 Copyright                                                -->
<!-- Copyright statement. Maps to Dublin Core Rights element; see 
     A NOTE ON MAPPING TO DUBLIN CORE (above). Inclusion of
     this element is recommended.                                     -->
<!ELEMENT copyright    (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                          >
<!ATTLIST copyright    %a.global;                                       >

<!-- A.6.3.3 Date of Production                                       -->
<!-- Date the data/documentation was produced (not 
     archived). The ISO standard for dates ( YYYY-MM-DD) 
     is recommended.                                                  -->
<!-- Maps to Dublin Core Date element; see A NOTE ON MAPPING TO       -->
<!-- DUBLIN CORE above.  Inclusion of this element in codebook is     -->
<!-- recommended.  Note that the specific production date element     -->
<!-- which maps to the Dublin Core date is the one occurring in the   -->
<!-- document description section for the electronic codebook itself  -->
<!-- (not its source).                                                -->
<!ELEMENT prodDate     (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                          >
<!ATTLIST prodDate
    %a.global;
    %a.date;                                                            >

<!-- A.6.3.4 Place of Production.                                     -->
<!-- Address of the archive or organization that
     produced the data/documentation.                                 -->
<!ELEMENT prodPlac     (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                          >
<!ATTLIST prodPlac  %a.global;                                          >

<!-- A.6.3.5 Software used in Production                              -->
<!-- Software used to produce the data/documentation. A "version" 
     attribute permits specification of the software version number.  -->
<!-- date attribute provided to specify date (if any) for the         -->
<!-- software release.                                                -->
<!ELEMENT software (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                              >
<!ATTLIST software %a.global;
                   %a.date;
                   version   CDATA   #IMPLIED                           >

<!-- A.6.3.6 Funding Agency/Sponsor.                                  -->
<!-- Indicate the source(s) of funds for the conduct of the
     research.                                                        -->
<!ELEMENT fundAg     (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                            >
<!ATTLIST fundAg
    %a.global;    
    abbr            CDATA               #IMPLIED
    role            CDATA               #IMPLIED                        >

<!-- A.6.3.7 Grant Number                                             -->
<!-- The grant/contract number of the project that 
     sponsored the effort. If more than one, link to the 
     appropriate agency using the "agency" attribute.                 -->
<!ELEMENT grantNo     (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                           >
<!ATTLIST grantNo
    %a.global;    
    agency             CDATA           #IMPLIED
    role               CDATA           #IMPLIED                         >

<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- A.6.4 Distributor Statement                                      -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!ELEMENT distStmt     (distrbtr*
		       , contact*
		       , depositr*
		       , depDate*
		       , distDate?)                                     >
<!--                                                                  -->
<!ATTLIST distStmt  %a.global;                                          >

<!-- A.6.4.1 Distributor                                              -->
<!-- A distributor is defined as the organization
     designated by the author or producer to  generate 
     copies of the data/documentation including any 
     necessary editions or
     revisions. Names and addresses may be specified, and other 
     archives may be co-distributors.                                 -->
<!-- URI attribute for providing a URN or URL to contact ordering     -->
<!-- service or download facility on a website.                       -->
<!ELEMENT distrbtr      (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                         >
<!ATTLIST distrbtr
    %a.global;    
    abbr              CDATA           #IMPLIED
    affiliation       CDATA           #IMPLIED
    URI               CDATA           #IMPLIED                          >

<!-- A.6.4.2 Contact Persons                                          -->
<!-- Names and addresses of individuals responsible for the data/
     documentation. Individuals listed as contact persons will be used 
     as resource persons regarding problems or questions raised by the 
     user community.                                                  -->
<!-- URI attribute used to indicate a URN or URL for the home page    -->
<!-- of the contact individual.  email attribute used to indicate     -->
<!-- an e-mail address for the contact individual.                    -->
<!ELEMENT contact      (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                          >
<!ATTLIST contact   %a.global;
                    affiliation   CDATA   #IMPLIED
                    URI           CDATA   #IMPLIED
                    email         CDATA   #IMPLIED                      >

<!-- A.6.4.3 Depositor                                                -->
<!-- Indicate the name of a person (or institution)
     who provided this data/documentation to the archive originally
     storing the it.                                                  -->
<!ELEMENT depositr     (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                          >
<!ATTLIST depositr
    %a.global;    
    abbr        CDATA          #IMPLIED
    affiliation CDATA          #IMPLIED                                 >

<!-- A.6.4.4 Date of Deposit                                          -->
<!-- Date that the data/documentation was deposited with the archive
     that originally received it. The ISO standard for dates 
     (YYYY-MM-DD) is recommended for use with the date attribute.     -->
<!ELEMENT depDate     (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                           >
<!ATTLIST depDate    %a.global;
                     %a.date;                                           >

<!-- A.6.4.5 Date of Distribution                                     -->
<!-- The date the data/documentation became operational in a          -->
<!-- computerized form and available for distribution/presentation.   -->
<!-- The ISO standard for dates (YYYY-MM-DD) is recommended for use   -->
<!-- with the date attribute.                                         -->
<!ELEMENT distDate     (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                          >
<!ATTLIST distDate    %a.global;
                      %a.date;                                          >

<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- A.6.5 Series Statement                                           -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- URI attributed provided to point to central Internet repository  -->
<!-- of series information (ISO 11179)                                -->
<!ELEMENT serStmt     (serName*
		      , serInfo*)                                       >
<!ATTLIST serStmt     %a.global;
                      URI   CDATA   #IMPLIED                            >

<!-- A.6.5.1 Series Name                                              -->
<!-- The name of the data/documentation series to which the 
     data/documentation belongs.                                      -->
<!ELEMENT serName     (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                           >
<!ATTLIST serName
    %a.global;    
    abbr           CDATA          #IMPLIED                              >


<!-- A.6.5.2 Series Information                                       -->
<!-- Contains a history of the series and a summary of those
     features that apply to the series as a whole.                    -->
<!ELEMENT serInfo     (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                           >
<!ATTLIST serInfo    %a.global;                                         >

<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- A.6.6 Version Statement (verStmt)                                -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!ELEMENT verStmt     (version?
		       , verResp?
		       , notes?)                                        >
<!ATTLIST verStmt  %a.global;                                           >

<!-- A.6.6.1 Version                                                  -->
<!-- Also known as release or edition. If there have been substantive 
     changes to the data/documentation/variable since its creation, 
     this statement should be used. The ISO standard for dates 
     (YYYY-MM-DD) is recommended for use with the date attribute.     -->
<!ELEMENT version     (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                           >
<!ATTLIST version
    %a.global;
    %a.date;    
    type        CDATA           #IMPLIED                                >

<!-- A.6.6.2 Version Responsibility Statement                         -->
<!-- Used to indicate the person or organization responsible for      -->
<!-- the version.                                                     -->
<!ELEMENT verResp    (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                            >
<!ATTLIST verResp    %a.global;
                     affiliation   CDATA   #IMPLIED                     >

<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- A.6.7 Bibliographic Citation                                     -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- Complete bibliographic reference containing all of the 
     standard elements of a citation that can be used to 
     cite the data/documentation.                                     -->
<!-- Attribute of format provided to specify particular citation      -->
<!-- style used, e.g., APA, MLA, Chicago, etc.                        -->
<!ELEMENT biblCit    (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                            >
<!ATTLIST biblCit %a.global;
                  format   CDATA   #IMPLIED                             >

<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- A.6.8 Holdings Information                                       -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- Provides information on either physical or electronic holdings   -->
<!-- of the cited work.                                               -->
<!-- Attributes include:                                              -->
<!--      location: the physical location a copy is held              -->
<!--      callno:   the call number for a work at the location        -->
<!--                specified                                         -->
<!--      uri:      A URN or URL for accessing the electronic copy    -->
<!--                of the cited work                                 -->
<!ELEMENT holdings (#PCDATA | %a.phrase;)*                              >
<!ATTLIST holdings %a.global;
                   location   CDATA   #IMPLIED
                   callno     CDATA   #IMPLIED
                   URI        CDATA   #IMPLIED                          >

<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- A.7 Exchange Table Model (CALS)                                  -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!ENTITY % tbls SYSTEM "Tables.dtd">
%tbls;

<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- A.8 Variable Range (range)                                       -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- Actual range. The "UNITS" attribute of Range permits the 
     specification of integer/real numbers.                           -->
<!-- Example: x < 1  or  10 <= x < 20 would be expressed as           -->
<!-- <range maxExclusive='1' /><range min='10' maxExclusive='20' />   -->
<!ELEMENT range EMPTY                                                   >
<!ATTLIST range %a.global;
                UNITS     (INT|REAL)   "INT"
                min            CDATA   #IMPLIED
                minExclusive   CDATA   #IMPLIED
                max            CDATA   #IMPLIED
                maxExclusive   CDATA   #IMPLIED                         >

<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- A.9 Variable Item (item)                                         -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- The counterpart to Range; used to encode individual values.
     This is an empty element consisting only of its attributes.
     The "UNITS" attribute of Range permits the specification of 
     integer/real numbers.                                            -->
<!ELEMENT item EMPTY                                                    >
<!ATTLIST item %a.global;
               UNITS   (INT|REAL)   "INT"
               VALUE   CDATA        #REQUIRED                           >


<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- A.10 Range Key (key)                                             -->
<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- This element permits a listing of the category values and 
     labels. While this information is coded separately in the 
     Category element, there may be some value in having this 
     information in proximity to the range of valid and 
     invalid values. A table is permissible in this element.          -->
<!ELEMENT key (#PCDATA | %a.phrase; | table)*                           >
<!ATTLIST key %a.global;                                                >


<!-- A.11 Link                                                        -->
<!-- This element permits encoders to provide links from any          -->
<!-- arbitrary element containing Link as a subelement to other       -->
<!-- elements in the codebook.  Obviously, it's based on XLink, but   -->
<!-- loosely, cause namespaces are a nightmare to process now.        -->
<!ELEMENT Link EMPTY                                                    >
<!ATTLIST Link %a.global;
               refs   IDREFS  #REQUIRED
               role   CDATA   #IMPLIED
               title  CDATA   #IMPLIED                                  >

<!--                                                                  -->
<!-- END OF DOCUMENT TYPE DEFINITION                                  -->